Improvement in reservoir-stoves



ZL HUNT.

`Magazine Stove'.

Patnted June 14, 1861f NTTED STATES V PATENT UFFICE.

ZEBULON HUNT, OF HUDSON, ASSIGNOR T() HIMSELF AND VIIJLIAM J. MILLER, OFGREENPORT, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN RESERVOIR-STOVES.

Specification forming part of Letters I-ateit N o. 13, 55, dated June14, 1864.'

To @ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ZEBULON HUNT, of the city of Hudson, in the countyof Columbia and State of New York, have invented new and usefulImprovements in the Construction of a Vertical-Draft Coaldurning Stove.;and I do hereby declare that the following is' a clear, full, and exactdescription ot' the con struction and operation of the saine7 referencebeing hadto the annexed drawings and letters of reference markedthereon, making part of this specification7 in which- Figure l is avertical section of the whole stove. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of thesame. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the grate tipping, with itsaccompanying devices for shaking and dumping. Fig. et is a view ot' thegrate G in its proper or horizontal position, showing its pins or cogson the `under side of its rim, so arranged that any two of them willembrace the shake-bar c. Fig.5 is a View of the interior of chamber A,showing the truncated funnel or circular hopper s s, the partition 7c,which divides the hot-air from the cold-air draft, the square aperturein bottom of chamber A (which is also the bottom of the stove) throughwhich the warm-air current descends into the ash'pit7 and also thecircular open bottom of funnel or logper s r, through which it ascendsto the gate and tire-pot. The darts indi( ate the course of thiswarmaiicurrent or draft.

Letter A is the bottom draft-chamber; B, coal-reservoir; C, air chambersurrounding the reservoir; D, cast-iron ring to protect chamber; a,curved crank attached to grateshaft; l), handle to operate this crank;d, left-hand direct and cold-air draft; d,right-hand circuitous andhotvai-r draft; e, shaker; c, grate pin or center; h h, root' tolire-chamber; li t' t', apertures for passage of atmospheric air intoairchamber C and out of the same into the lire-chamber; m m, two tiersof mica plates. Gfl is the bottom grate, (partly tipped in Fig. 3,)exhibiting the pins or projections on the under side of rim; P,fire-pot. r

M yimprovements consist in constructing the lire-pot of curved slats orbars so as to exl1ibit,with the aid of a double tier of mica plates, asmuch of the tire, or nearly so, as an open grate, and in combiningtherewith tte funnel shaped hopper and chamber A for heat I ing the airwhichenters the bottom draft bel fore it comes in contact with the tire,whereby its brightness is preserved; in so arranging and constructingthe. bottom grate with its accompanying devices (see Fig. 3) that it maybe both rotated and tipped in admitting atmospheric air through smallapertures vin thc top ofthe stove into a chamber surrounding thecoal-reservoir, and thence through similar apertures in the bottom intothe tire-chamber, so 'as to consume the gases arising from the burningcoal; and, also, in supplying the lower extremity of the reservoir witha cast-iron ring as a protector, which is movable and easily replacedwith another when required.

I construct my stove in cylindrical form similar to other coal-burners,but I provide it with two stories ortiers of transparent mica-plates, sothat the tire may be seen almost as much as ifin an open grate. (SeeFig.'2.) The tire pot P is made of cast-iron bars or strips' arrangedeither in funnel or basket form, (see Fig. 2,)bound together by a rim ofcast-iron at top, all converging or terminating` in a han d or rim atbottom, the whole being cast toV gether. It is supported by means of arim or dange at top resting on a corresponding shoulder or projectionfrom the inside of that section of' the tt ve. (See Fig. 1.) This rim isinclined, so that coal and ashes may not lodge there. Within the bottomVband or rim of the lire-pot is the grate Gr. The bars of this grate all.radiate from an elevated conical center to the rim. This rim is providedwith notches or projections on its under side in or 4 between which theshakebar e operates. The innercnd of this bnr is forked or slotted, soas to embrace the center pin, c, of the grate as a fulcrum, while itallows the grate to be tipped and its contents discharged into theash-pit by means of the crank a and handle b, which also serve by thehelp ot' a catch or a notch to hold the grate in its place. Both thesedevices are within the stove and comparatively out of sight, but easilyoperated outside. Near the bottom, and separating it from the fire, is atruncated funnel or circular lllopper, s s, which also forms the top tothe bottom warm-air draft-chamber. This conveys all the coal and ashesth at fall through the firepot into the ash-pit. The bottom draft isdivided into direct or cold air and circuitous or Warm air.

bright. The heated air coming in contact with the bright fire in furnaceand grate does not deadeu or diminish its brightness.

The cast-iron ring D at bottom of reservoir B is removable and can bereplaced with another whenever.required. It is provided with a dan gearound its upper end, resting on a corresponding one on the inside ofthelower extremity ofthe eo'alreservoir. rEhe chamber C, surroundingreservoir B, is designed to admit atmospheric air into the tire-chamber,so t .at becoming heated it may combine with and consume the gasesarising from the burning coal. Small holes in the top of the stove i itserve to admit the air into the chamber C, and similar holes through thebottom of this chamber admit it after becoming heated into the rechamber. Doors are placed in front in the se'ond story for supplyingcoal when but little iire is required, and also in the base or firststory for more convenient access to the grate. Au ash-pan is placedbeneath to receive the ashes falling from the grate and furnace, andWh`ch also serves, when partly drawn, as a direct draft. The course ofthe draft is indicated by the darts on Fig. 1.

The cold air entering` at the left-hand bottom draft, d, passes downthrough an aperture iu the bottom into the ash-panLand thence directlyto the grate and fire-pot. This kindles the tire. When itenters theright-hand bottom draft, df, the left being closed, it. circula-tes inchamber A, coming in contact with the truncated funnel or circularhopper which forms the top or covering of draf -chamber A, and therebybecoming heated until it passes entirely round the stove, and then downthrough the aperture in the bottom,and thence up through the circularbottom of funnel or hopper s s to the grate and furnace or tire-pot P,both of which operate as a grate.

rlhe hopper s s or roof of chamber A terminates at the margin ofcircular opening in bottom of stove and coincides with it, so as to makethe chamber ptr'ectl y tight.

To the axis of the grate is attached the curved crank a, having for ahandle to operateit the bar b, Fig. 3, which projects through the shellof the stove, and which also, by means of a notch and catch or notchalone, (see Fig. 2,) holds the grate in place, or, when desired, asemployed to cant or tip the same so as to deposit its contents into theash-pan below. The shaker or lever-bar e also projects through tl eshell of the stove, and operates horizontally in a slot; but no dust orashes can escape through these apertures.

The pipe-hole is separated from the re= chamber by aI collar or roofwhich has aper- 'lhe former is employed to kindle the re, and the latterto keep it steady Aand tures in front for the free passage of the smokeand unconsumed gases, if any, while the pipe-hole is on the back of thestove and near the top. This rttirds the escape of the heat until it isall expended in and through the stove, and more ofit economized thanvwith any other stove now in use.

I contemplate lining the rim and upper part of the fire-pot P with rebrick.

The pins or projections on the under side of the rim of the grate, (seeFig. 3), since the grate itself can be revolved on its center piu c,enables it to be shaken at any point of its revolution-thatis to say,whatever may be the position of the grate, if theshake-bar e is embracedby any tWo of these pins, it (the grate) may be shaken. All other gratesmust and can only be shaken and tipped when in one and the sameposition.

I am aware that a grated fire-pot, but of very different constructionfrom mine, has been used by D. G. Littlefield and others in abase-burning eoalstove. Mine is a grated tire-pot of peculiar form andconstruction, used and designed for vertical or uprightdraft, and notfor horizontal-draft or base-burning stoves. The admission of cold airdirectly to these grated tire-pots or furnaces will disappoint anddefeat tlie object. of their construction, if that object be thepleasing exhibition of a bright tire. This can only be attained byheating the air before it strikes the bright coals in the furnace. Myarrangement for heating the air which enters the bottom draft, d', andfor preserving the brightness of the fire is, I believe, novel, and willeffect ythe object desired.

What I claimas my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent ofthe United States. is-

1. Employing the circular inclined partition or hopper s s for thecombined purpose of forming the hot-air chamber or ue A A, of conductingthe coals and ashes into the ash-pan, and of preserving the brightnessof the iire by shielding it from the cold air, substantially as and inthe manner set forth.

2. The shake-bar c, crank a, and handle l), when used in combinationwith the revolving grate G, having projections on its lower edge,substantially in the manner and for the purpose set forth.

3. The combination offire-pot I with grated sides and base,snspended'within the ash-pit, as shown, with the flue reservoir B,substantially as described.

ZEBULON HUNT.

Witnesses ALEX. S. BOWLEY, WILLIAM SHANE.

